MALACCA CITY CAMPUS
Black Magic in Islamic Perspective
Prepared for
Assoc. Professor Hj Sa’aban Hj Salim
BEL 492 Lecturer
July – November 2010 Semester
by
Siti Lin Hasmah Yeo Binti Yusof Yeo
2010871204
BACC4E
Faculty of Accountancy
Bachelor in Accountancy (Hons)
11 October 2010
In Class Activities
BEL 492
BACC 4E
12 JULY 2010 : Introduction
19 JULY 2010 : Class Cancelled
26 JULY 2010 : Preparation Outline
2 AUGUST 2010 : Preparation Outline
7 AUGUST 2010 : Grammar
9 AUGUST 2010 : References
16 AUGUST 2010 : Overview of Outline
23 AUGUST 2010 : 1st Presentation
30 AUGUST 2010 : 1st Presentation
6 SEPTEMBER 2010 : Semester Break
20 SEPTEMBER 2010 : 1st Presentation
27 SEPTEMBER 2010 : 2nd Presentation
4 OCTOBER 2010 : 2nd Presentation
11 OCTOBER 2010 : 2nd Presentation
14 OCTOBER 2010 : 2nd Presentation
TABLE OF CONTENTS
| Descriptions | Page No. |
| In Class Activities 1.0: Introduction 1.1: Title 1.2: Reason for choosing the title 1.3: My General Purpose 1.4: My Specific Purpose 1.5: Central Points/Main Ideas 1.5.1: Definition of Black Magic 1.5.2: Types of Black Magic 1.5.3: Punishment for using Black Magic based on fellow Fuqaha’ 1.5.4: Ways to overcome the curse of Black Magic through Surah in Al-Quran 2.0: Body 2.1: Definition of Black Magic 2.2: Types of Black Magic 2.2.1: Western View 2.2.1.1:Divination 2.2.1.1.1: Fortune Telling 2.2.1.1.2: Tarot Cards 2.2.1.2: Casting Spells 2.2.1.2.1: Necromancy 2.2.1.2.2: True Name Spells 2.2.1.2.3: Voodoo Dolls 2.2.2: Islamic View 2.2.2.1: Changing Shape 2.2.2.2: Illusion 2.2.2.3: Chanting 2.2.2.4: Using Jinn 2.2.2.5: Medicine 2.2.2.6: Instigate 2.3: Punishment for using Black Magic based on fellow Fuqaha’ 2.3.1: Al-Imam al-Shafi’i 2.3.2: Al-Hassan bin Ziyad 2.3.3: Imam Malik 2.3.4: Imam Ahmad bin Hambal 2.4: Ways to overcome the curse of Black Magic through surah in Al-Quran 2.4.1: Surah al-Fatihah 2.4.2: Surah al-Baqarah 2.4.3: Surah al-Ikhlas 2.4.4: ar-Kursi (Surah al-Baqarah, verse 255) 3.0: Conclusion Reference Appendix: Blogspot Evaluation Form | 3 4 5 6 7 8 9-10 11 12 13 |
Black Magic in Islamic Perspective
1.0: Introduction
Black magic is the belief of practices of magic that draws on assumed malevolent powers. This type of magic is invoked when wishing to kill, steal, injure, cause misfortune or destruction, or for personal gain without regard to harmful consequences to others. As a term, "black magic" is normally used by those that do not approve of its uses, commonly in a ritualistic setting; the argument of "magic having no color, and it is merely the application and use by its user," backs the claim that not everything termed as "black magic" has malevolent intentions behind it, and some would consider it to have beneficial and benevolent uses. These uses could include killing diseases or pests.[1]
However, in Islam, black magic is actively being used rather than preventing the practice of magic; this classification has forced a more complicated nomenclature in Muslim cultures. Nor has the prohibition of "magic" staved its influence on European magical traditions and the early stages of scientific thought. On the other hand, translating various Arabic terms as ‘magic’ causes another set of problems with no clear answers.[2]As with any question regarding the behavior of Muslims in relation to authorized practices, theological decisions begin by consulting the Qur’an. The second chapter introduces an explanation for the introduction of magic into the world:
They followed what the evil ones gave out (falsely) against the power of Solomon: the blasphemers were, not Solomon, but the evil ones, teaching men magic, and such things as came down at Babylon to the angels Harut and Marut. But neither of these taught anyone (such things) without saying: “We are only for trial; so do not blaspheme.” They learned from them the means to sow discord between man and wife. But they could not thus harm anyone except by Allah’s permission. And they learned what harmed them, not what profited them. And they knew that the buyers of (magic) would have no share in the happiness of the Hereafter. And vile was the price for which they did sell their souls, if they but knew! (Q 2:102).[3]
1.1: Reasons for choosing the title
Nowadays, lots of people are starting to use Black Magic to harm or injure people in order to achieve their goals. Apparently, things are started to get serious and in the process, harm the users as well as the victim. However, some of them do not even know what the Black Magic is. So, I will reveal what is the Black Magic, types of Black Magic in Western and Islamic view, its punishment for using Black Magic according to fellow Fuqaha’ and ways to overcome the curse of Black Magic through surah in Al-Quran and in compliance with Hadith.
1.2: My General Purpose: To inform the effect of using black magic in Islamic perspective
1.3: My Specific Purpose: To increase awareness of the bad effect of using black magic to the societies
1.4: Central Purposes
1.4.1: Definition of Black Magic
1.4.2: Types of Black Magic
1.4.3: Punishment for using Black Magic based on fellow Fuqaha’
1.4.4: Ways to overcome the curse of Black Magic through surah in Al-Quran
2.0: Body
2.1: Definition of Black Magic
2.1.1: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Black_Magic[4] states that Black Magic is the belief of practices of magic that draws on assumed malevolent powers.
2.1.2: Oxford
2.1.3: Webster's New World College Dictionary (2004)[6] explains that Black Magic is magic with an evil purpose; sorcery
2.1.4: The New Penguin English Dictionary (2000)[7] describes Black Magic as magic performed with the aim of harming or killing somebody or something, esp. with the supposed aid of evil spirits.
2.2.1: Western View
Based on the internet sources of Wikipedia, the Black Magic has been divided into 2 types which are Divination and Casting Spells.
2.2.1.1 Divination
2.2.1.1.1: Fortune Telling
Fortune telling is the practice of predicting the future, usually of an individual, through seemingly mystical or supernatural means and often for commercial gain.[9]
2.2.1.1.2: Tarot cards
Pack of cards (most commonly numbering 78) use by mystics and occultists in efforts at divination or as a map of mental and spiritual pathways.[10]
2.2.1.2: Casting Spells
2.2.1.2.1: Necromancy[11]
Richard Kiekhefer, (1989)[12] states that Necromancy involves the alleged summoning of and conversation with spirits. This can be done either to gain information from the spirits; or it can be done with the intention of commanding those spirits.
2.2.1.2.2: True Name Spells
Philip Martin[13] states that the theory that knowing a person's true name allows control over that person, making this wrong for the same reason. This can also be used as a connection to the other person, or to free them from another's compulsion.
2.2.1.2.3: Voodoo Doll[14]
Voodoo Dolls are used to perform a spell on someone by using an effigy with the action of sticking pins in dolls. The gris-gris is then performed from one of four categories: love; power and domination; luck and finance; and uncrossing.
2.2.2: Islamic View[15]
There are many types of Black Magic that been done which been told by fellow ulama’, which are:
2.2.2.1: Changing Shape
Black Magic that have the ability to change things or the shape of a human, that almost imitate mukjizat and karamah such as flying or able to walk long distance in a short period of time. [16]
2.2.2.2: Illusion
Black Magic used by creating illusion to confuse others. For example Pharaoh’s magician that filled the mercury in the rope and stick, then the fire was lit underneath them until that rope and stick became heated and afterward able to move and crawl around. [17]
2.2.2.3: Chanting
Black magic that been used by collecting a lots of materials and then burned into ashes, after that chanting the name of the victims to the ashes, thus the ashes became tools for black magic.[18]
2.2.2.4: Using Jinn
Black magic by using services or help from jinn. This type of user is the one that create smooth and hidden magic.[19]
2.2.2.5: Medicines
Magic using medicines such as faking medicine that can lost people’s mind in the food, such as donkey’s brain; after eating it, that person will become stupid.[20]
2.2.2.6: Instigate
Using magic through instigate others with smooth and hidden ways. This sort of Black Magic is happened a lots in the society. [21]
2.3: Punishment for using Black Magic based on fellow Fuqaha’
There are different opinions among the fellow Fuqaha’ regarding the Black Magic user. Among them are as the following:
2.3.1: According to Al-Imam al-Shafi’i, if the user still using the Black Magic even if he knew of its prohibition, thus his punishment would be the same as someone who does crime. If he wishes for someone to be dead, then he will be punished through qisas. If he is unintentionally cursed other when he want to curse someone else, then his punishment would be subconscious execution. [22]
2.3.2: Meanwhile, Al-Hassan bin Ziyad stated that the user will be executed if he is found out to be the user of Black Magic, and there is no need to force him to repent, furthermore his word will be unheard. However, if the user had confessed that he is only used Black Magic once and repented then his word will be considered and no execution will be made.[23]
2.3.3: Besides that, Imam Malik further explained that the user will be executed and there is no need to force him to repent because once a Muslim’s heart is fallen as apostate, then his repent will not be accepted.[24]
2.3.4: Lastly from Imam Ahmad bin Hambal’s point of view, the user will become kufur with his action of using Black magic, no matter whether he used the Black Magic to kill or not.[25]
2.4: Ways to overcome the curse of Black Magic through Surah in Al-Quran
2.4.1: Surah al-Fatihah
According to Abu Daud from Kharijah bin Shalt from his uncle, said that: I have met Prophet Muhammad to convert into Islam, after that went back home. In the journey, I passed along a community which one of them been possessed by jinn. That person’s family said: “Your friend who just arrived is good. Do you have anything that could cure my family who are sick?” [26]
“Please cure him by reciting surah al-Fatihah,” I said. After that, that person was cured and I was given a goat. Then I met Rasulullah s.a.w to tell about that situation. He questioned: “Did you recite anything else?” I said no. Rasulullah thus said:
“Take the goat and I swear that people who eat with rukyah (chants) is batil. But you already ate rukyah which are hak.”
2.4.2: Surah Al-Baqarah
According to Muslim from Abu Hurairah, Rasulullah s.a.w said:
“Do not ever make your house as graveyard. As a matter of fact, Satan escapes from the house that had been recited with al-Baqarah.”[27]
2.4.3: Surah Al-Ikhlas
According to Tirmidzi and Nasa’i from Abdullah bin Khabib, said that: Once a dark and raining night, I have met Rasulullah s.a.w to beg Him to pray for me. He said to me: “Qul!” I didn’t say anything. Then He said again:[28]
“Recite Qul Huwallahu Ahad and two surah protector for morning and evening three times. Then it will be enough to protect you from something.”
“Say: He is Allah, the one; Allah, the eternal, absolute; He begetter not, nor is He begotten; and there none like unto Him…”
(Surah al-Ikhlas: verse 1-4)
2.4.4: Ar-Kursi from surah Al-Baqarah, verse 255
According to Bukhari from Abu Hurairah: I was honored a job of Zakat Ramadhan Representative by Prophet Muhammad. Then came a person took and threw the food towards me. I said: “I will report this to Rasulullah.” That person said: “I really need the food; I have a lot of children and needs to be fulfilled.” Then I let it go just like that.
The next day, Rasulullah asked me: “Ya Abu Hurairah, what did the person that came last night do?” I said: “Ya Rasulullah, he complained that he is poor and have a lot of children. I sympathize him and let him go.” Thus Rasulullah s.a.w said: “He lied to you and I know he will come again tomorrow.”
Eventually, what Rasulullah s.a.w said came true. The next day, that same person did come and do the same thing; I even told him that I will report it to Rasulullah. However he said like he told before. He sighed about his condition and family, and will not leave until I give something to him. I again sympathize with him and gave him something. After that, that man leave.
The next day Rasulullah asked and I told what happened. He again said that person is a fraud and will come again. That man did come and did the same thing. I told him again that I will report this Rasulullah but he won’t budge. Thus I said: “I thought you promised you wouldn’t come again.” That man said: “Fine, I’ll teach you some few sentences. May Allah give you some benefit from it?”
“What is it?” I asked. “Before you sleep, recite Kursi (al-Baqarah, verse 255) until finished. You will always be in Allah’s protection and Satan will not approach you until morning.” After that, he immediately leaves.
The next day, I told Rasulullah what happened. Thus He said: “In fact he told you the truth even though he is the biggest fraud. Do you know who that guy is, aye Abu Hurairah? That is Satan.”[29]
“Allah! There is no God but He, - The living, the self-Subsisting supporter of all no slumber can seize Him nor sleep. His are all things in the heaven and on earth. Who is thee can intercede in His presence except as He permitted? He knew what (appeared to his creatures as) before or after or behind them. Nor shall they compass aught of His knowledge except as He willed. His throne doth extend over the heavens and the earth, and He felted no fatigue on guarding and preserving them for He is the most high, the supreme (in glory)…”
(Surah al-Baqarah: verse 255)
3.0: Conclusion
Some Scholars concluded that the Black Magic user is branded as kufur, thus its repentance will not be accepted. This is because Allah will not forgive someone who is syirik (shirking) unless he recites two kalimah syahadat again. Like Allah worded:[30]
“Allah forgave not that partners should be set up with him; But he forgives anything else, to whom He pleased; to set up partners with Allah is to devise a sin most heinous indeed…”
(Surah an-Nisa’: verse 48)
And Allah further said that:[31]
“… Allah will forbid him the garden and the fire will be his abode. There will for the wrong-Doers be no one to help…”
(Surah al-Ma’idah, verse 72)
Some other Scholars concluded that the user will not be branded as kufur, thus his repentance will be accepted as long as the prayers besides syirik. Like Allah worded:[32]
“But if the thief repent after his crime, and amend his conduct, Allah turned to him in forgiveness; for Allah is oft-Forgiving, most Merciful…”
(Surah al-Ma’idah, verse 39)
And Allah Azza Wa Jalla said:[33]
“Know thy not that Allah doth accept repentance from his votaries and receives their gifts of charity, and that Allah is verily he, the oft-Returning, most Merciful.”
(Surah at-Taubah, verse 104)
Therefore, in conclusion, we should not use Black Magic to harm or injure people in order to achieve our objectives. Do repent before Allah close our chance for repentance.
References:
Agnes, Dr. Michael and Guralnik, David Bernard. Cleveland : Webster's New World College Dictionary. Ohio : Cleveland
Allen, Robert. Middlesex: The New Penguin English Dictionary. England : London
Ariffin Omar. Rahsia di sebalik surah al-Falaq. Cahaya Pantai (M) Sdn. Bhd. Kuala Lumpur, 1994. Print.
"Black magic". Oxford Oxford University
Holy Al-Quran
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magic_(paranormal)
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Orleans_Voodoo
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tarot
http://noscreenname.sulekha.com/blog/post/2005/10/different-types-of-black-magic.htm
http://www.slideshare.net/guestb82c387/black-magic-voodoo-doll-magic-break-this-type-of-magic-with-the-help-of-quranic-verses
http://www.slideshare.net/guestd0b99c/types-of-black-magic-and-their-detail
Muhamad Aiman Al Fathi. Penangkal Sihir dan Gangguan Syaitan. Penerbitan Seribu Dinar. Kuala Lumpur. 2007. Print.
Muhammad Iqbal. Soal-jawab Kemusykilan Agama. Al-Hidayah Publishers. Kuala Lumpur. 1996. Print.
Appendix
Blogspot: kyoko8yeo.blogspot.com
Type of Black Magic in Western view
[1] Article Black Magic taken from Wikipedia
[2] Article Magic(Paranormal) taken from Wikipedia
[3] Translation on Surah Al-Baqarah, verse 102
[4] Ibid, no.1
[5] "Black magic". Oxford Oxford University
[6] Agnes, Dr. Michael and Guralnik, David Bernard. Cleveland : Webster's New World College Dictionary. Ohio : Cleveland
[8] Article taken from http://noscreenname.sulekha.com/blog/post/2005/10/different-types-of-black-magic.htm
[9] Ibid, no. 8
[10] Taken from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tarot
[11] Taken from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Necromancy
[13] Philip Martin, The Writer's Guide to Fantasy Literature: From Dragon's Lair to Hero's Quest, p 134
[14] Article taken from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Orleans_Voodoo
[15] Taken from Ariffin Omar. Rahsia di sebalik surah al-Falaq. Cahaya Pantai (M) Sdn. Bhd. Kuala Lumpur, 1994. Print.
[16] Ibid, no. 13
[17] Ibid, no. 13
[18] Al-Andalusi, al-Bahr al-Muhit , vol. 1, p 327-328
[19] Ibid, no. 13
[20] Ibid, no. 13
[21] Al-Fakhr al-Razi, al-Tafsir al-Kabir, Vol. 1, p 328
[22] Al-Fakhr al-razi, al-Tafsir al-Kabir, Vol. 3, p 215
[23] Al-Alusi, Ruh al-Ma’ani…, Vol. 1, p 339 and al-Fakhr al-Razi, al-Tafsir al-Kabir, Vol. 3, p 215
[24] Ibid, no 13
[25] Ibid, no. 13
[26] Taken from Muhamad Aiman Al Fathi. Penangkal Sihir dan Gangguan Syaitan. Penerbitan Seribu Dinar. Kuala Lumpur. 2007. Print.
[27] Ibid, no. 24
[28] Ibid, no. 24
[29] Ibid, no.24
[30] Surah an-Nisa: verse 48
[31] Surah al-Ma’idah, verse 72
[32] Surah al-Ma’idah, verse 39
[33] Surah at-Taubah, verse 104
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